PubMedGoogle Scholar. The view of the person, represented by Locke, Singer and others, is, according to Spaemann, based on the thinking that one does not enter the community by being begotten or born, but by becoming self-aware and being co-opted by other members (2006 p. 238). Instead, education is dominated by a language of performance management, and target-setting culture, leading to a language of depersonalization in the school environment. A social relational model of disability: A theoretical framework for special needs education? By using asexual persons and persons with impairment effects, such as Autistic Spectrum Conditions (ASC), Begon shows how Nussbaums list of capabilities can be exclusionary when these capabilities are conceptualized as opportunities to function (p. 164). Whether these differences turn out to be disabling for that particular person, depends on cultural, material, valuerelated and structural factorsthe life experience of that person. But researchers hadn't really dug into that yet. Facing history and ourselves: Holocaust and human behavior. A discussion of the natural and social features. MacIntyre, Alasdair. I think the significance of foregrounding the I is vital regarding the issue of diversity as it relates to disability in relation to a host of fundamental issues as questions, such as various ability expectations dominant in the social and cultural setting, the instrumentalization of education, the emphasis on target-setting cultures and other accountability practices. And it's just a result of the fact that our general education is not meeting the needs of all kids. This Special Issue seeks to advance diversity and equity in higher education inside and outside of the classroom through research, commentary, theory, and practice. And if we switch the way that we think about how we have classroom management in our schools, then maybe we'll decrease the number of students that are referring and if using things like positive behavior, interventions and supports in a school wide way, what we may see is then decrease in the number of students who are being referred to special education for discipline issues or emotional issues. Laura Schifter: First, one important thing to understand is that to be identified for special education under the law, it requires that you meet two criteria. However, argues Biesta, the cultivation paradigm of education is unable to explain the case of Parks (p. 7). We also need to help states and districts collect and report race- and ethnicity-specific rates. Philosophy of Education Archive, 113121. One of the other things that we can do is really think about ways to reduce those negative impacts of special education. 4). Neurodiversity: The Future of Special Education? - ASCD Special education expert Laura Schifter discusses how students of color and low-income students are disproportionately assigned to special education, and what can be done.