Jim Crow laws were any of the laws that enforced racial segregation in the American South between the end of Reconstruction in 1877 and the beginning of the civil rights movement in the 1950s. Legal strictures called for segregated water fountains and restrooms. [58], The decisive action ending segregation came when Congress in bipartisan fashion overcame Southern filibusters to pass the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965. This ushered in the civil rights movement, resulting in the removal of Jim Crow laws. Violence was on the rise, making danger a regular aspect of African American life. [18] Extensive voter fraud was also used. Although Louisiana, like most Southern states, had laws against marriage between slaves, it did allow free people of colour, whites, and the gens de couleur to marry, testify in court against whites, and in some cases inherit property from their fathers. New Orleans mandated the segregation of prostitutes according to race. All articles are regularly reviewed and updated by the HISTORY.com team. Jim Crow laws created 'slavery by another name' - National Geographic Following World War I, the NAACP noted that lynchings had become so prevalent that it sent investigator Walter White to the South. Baseball teams continued to integrate in the following years, leading to the full participation of black baseball players in the Major Leagues in the 1960s. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. But when whites regained power after the end of Reconstruction, they saw only two races, and the privileged position of the gens de couleur evaporated; from then on they were Black as far as the law was concerned. A citizens committee (the Citizens Committee to Test the Constitutionality of the Separate Car Law), drawn primarily from the Creole community, raised $3,000 to fund a lawsuit, and Tourge agreed to be lead counsel in the case. In 1948 President Harry Truman ordered integration in the military, and in 1954, the Supreme Court ruled in Brown v. Board of Education that educational segregation was unconstitutional, bringing to an end the era of separate-but-equal education. On January 31, 1865, the House of Representatives passed the proposed amendment with a vote of 119-56, just over the required two-thirds majority. Jim Crow Era - Review Flashcards | Quizlet Jim Crow laws were a legalized system of. Segregation and Jim Crow Laws. "[44] White Southerners used their power to segregate public spaces and facilities in law and reestablish social dominance over black people in the South. Plessy v. Ferguson hoped to end the segregation common during Jim Crow. Some of the early demonstrations achieved positive results, strengthening political activism, especially in the post-World War II years.
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