National Library of Medicine You'll get a detailed solution from a subject matter expert that helps you learn core concepts. It has been found that metabolic disorders are a determinant of the incidence and progression of stroke. Ischaemic conditioning and reperfusion injury. Vessey D.A., Li L., Honbo N., Karliner J.S. Glenn T.C., Martin N.A., Horning M.A. All brain cell types are able to uptake ketones; the ketones are then metabolized to acetyl-CoA to support the cell energy [29]. Ischemic stroke is the consequence of a sharp reduction of regional cerebral blood flow (CBF), resulting in oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD). The ischemic penumbra is defined as the severely hypoperfused, functionally impaired, at-risk but not yet infarcted tissue that will be progressively recruited into the infarct core. Bouzat P., Sala N., Suys T., Zerlauth J.B. Cerebral metabolic effects of exogenous lactate supplementation on the injured human brain. Yang Q., Guo M., Wang X., Zhao Y.X., Zhao Q., Ding H.Y., Dong Q., Cui M. Ischemic preconditioning with a ketogenic diet improves brain ischemic tolerance through increased extracellular adenosine levels and hypoxia-inducible factors. Concept of ischemic penumbra the extent of brain damage during a stroke depends on the severity and duration of the cerebral blood flow (CBF) disorder there are two major zones of injury within the ischemic area: core penumbra as blood flow decreases, there is an initial loss of function with structural integrity intact ( functional threshold) In the ischemic penumbra, a further decrease in CBF leads to neuronal electrical silence and a synaptic activity decrease to preserve energy stores, while energy metabolism is partially preserved to transiently sustain tissue viability. ); nc.ude.aaub@9102gnorgnornah (R.H.), 2School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China. However, the underlying neuroprotection mechanisms of IPC remain elusive. Nevertheless, metabolic reprogramming is a relatively new area for understanding the mechanisms of IPC, to the best of our knowledge, no relevant review has yet been published. For ischemic stroke, IPC can reduce the infarct size and improve prognosis, which is supported by increasing the cerebral blood flow (CBF), protecting mitochondrial function, and maintaining neuronal activity. Comprehensive mapping of neurotransmitter networks by MALDIMS imaging. Rothman D.L., Behar K.L., Hyder F. In vivo NMR studies of the glutamate neurotransmitter flux and neuroenergetics: Implications for brain function.
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