(2004). The Guide to N. American Mushrooms doesn't list its edibility status. It is sometimes mistaken for the psychedelic Panaeolus cinctulus or Panaeolus olivaceus both of which share the same habitat and can be differentiated by their jet black spores. Seattle: Pacific Northwest Fungi Project. However, they can be distinguished by their black spores. The mushrooms were identified as the tropical speciesCopelandia cyanescensand were analyzed by Albert Hofmann. Biochemie und Physiologie der Pflanzen184:17178. Biol. Rumack, B. H., and Spoerke, D. G. (1994). It is initially moist and brown but fades in the center as it dries, so that the margin often appears much darker (which accounts for its German namedunkelrandiger dngerling(dark-banded dung mushroom). cebolinhae, Plu. Species recognition in Pluteus and Volvopluteus (Pluteaceae, Agaricales): morphology, geography and phylogeny. (2016). No traditional uses of this mushroom are known. Mol. Meyer, W., Irinyi, L., Hoang, M. T. V., Robert, V., Garcia-Hermoso, D., Desnos-Ollivier, M., et al. Psychedelic mushrooms occur naturally, are wide distributed and easily accessible. Very high dosages can result in loss of muscle control. There are no recommended dosage instructions for Panaeolus antillarum, this may be due to the fact that it is not commonly eaten due to its bitter taste. Nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region as a universal DNA barcode marker for Fungi. Lancet Psychiatry 3, 619627. (2018). Mushrooms 8, 289293. doi: 10.1007/s12231-008-9033-8, Guzmn, G. (2009). A chemical referral and reference guide to the known species of psilocin and/or psilocybin-containing mushrooms and their published analysis and bluing reactions Ethnomycol. While this mushroom is regarded as psychoactive, it does not always contain active substances (Merlin and Allen 1993**). It is questionable whether serotonin can in fact reach the brain when the mushrooms are ingested. The word Panaeolus is Greek for all variegated, alluding to the spotted gills of the mushrooms produced. I've seen the drug "A-2" a few times with somewhat different descriptions. Ever wondered why some Mushroom Supplements are so cheap? Cap: 4-10cm in diameter. Panaeolus - Alchetron, The Free Social Encyclopedia Fungal Genomes and Genotyping, in Advances in Applied Microbiology. Three classifications have been proposed for the division of Psilocybe into subgenera (Guzmn, 1978; Singer, 1986; Noordeloos, 2011). For more information, please see our Mycologist 13, 176179. Panaeolus albidocinereus. The Haymower's Mushroom (Panaeolus foenisecii) is common on lawns and is usually considered nonpsychoactive. doi: 10.1139/gen-2018-0083. Fungal Divers 44, 5363. Panaeolina foenisecii: The Ultimate Mushroom Guide retirugis (Maruyama et al., 2006; Sette et al., 2010; Razaq et al., 2012; Osmundson et al., 2013; Ma, 2014; Ediriweera et al., 2015; Wang and Tzean, 2015; Boy et al., 2016; Malysheva et al., 2019; Hu et al., 2020).
